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Total Education: Jewish Education.—The task of Jewish education involves the transmission of a distinctive culture, including the Hebrew language. Consequently, Jewish leaders in America require more hours for distinctly religious education than either of the other groups. At the same time they have not established many all-day schools. Their major efforts are turned toward well-organized and professionally-led afterschool and Sunday education. While all-day schools have grown over the years, the emphasis remains on supplementary education. In 1954, Hebrew and Yiddish schools had a total education enrollment of 399,818 pupils: 191,761 in Hebrew afternoon, all-day, and Yiddish schools, and 208,057 in one-day-a-week, or Sunday schools.
Control of public education is highly centralized in a ministry of education, which also supervises private schools and exercises some control over public universities. Private schools, which account for about one third of the total education elementary and secondary enrollment, receive a state subsidy for each person enrolled. In the late 1960's the administration was making great efforts to expand educational services so that every child of school age could be enrolled.
About 70 colleges and universities offer programs to train health education teachers, and the profession is growing. Members of the profession feel strongly that health education should not be considered a part of physical education and that physical education should not be a branch of health education. Some high schools now give a half year to physical education and a half year to health instruction. |
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