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Told In Money And Manpower: The story was told in money and manpower. In 1953 the United States invested approximately $5.5 billion in scientific research and development activities; in 1968, according to a projection by the National Science Foundation, the figure would be close to $25 billion. While the U.S. gross national product was growing at an annual rate of 5.3%, the national investment in research and development activities was growing at 12% per year. During the same period the proportion of the work force engaged in science and engineering also doubled.
GRESHAM'S LAW, gresh'amz, in economics, is usually stated as "bad money drives out good." The law stems from the fact that money has a value both as money and as a commodity in the open market. The former value is set arbitrarily by law and is relatively fixed; the latter is determined by supply and demand and varies from time to time, "Good money" has a higher value as a commodity than as money and will disappear from circulation.
(1) Efficient use of manpower by society versus individual self-realization. For centuries, men have talked about the degree to which the individual should serve society rather than himself. When economic conditions are favorable and the world is at peace, counselors tend to emphasize self-realization of the individual over manpower utilization. In a time of war and economic crisis, societal pressures put the needs f the state above those of the individual. When happens, conflict results, particularly when needs of the state are questionable in the of the student. A mature adult with well-eloped counseling skills may be able to help ffie student put this conflict into meaningful perspective. |
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