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Ival House Of Stuart: ige of Walpole. Largely as a result of his ts after the crash, Walpole became prime ster in 1721. He remained in office until . As a political strategist, Walpole has had equals and certainly no superior. A later e minister, Lord Rosebery, said that had X)le not been a politician he would have "a great merchant or a great financier. . . . :hief preoccupation was the keeping out of ival House of Stuart, which would not have oyed the firm of Walpole and the Whigs «p their accounts."
End of Jacobitism.—For half a century after the LTnion the basic political issue in Scotland was between supporters of the House of Hanover and union with England, and supporters of the House of Stuart and an independent Scotland. On two occasions this led to civil wars—in 1715 and 1745-1746. The details of these struggles are unimportant since on neither occasion was there the slightest chance of a permanent Stuart victory. The only hope of the exiled Stuarts, as their supporters realized by the 1720's, lay in massive help from the court of France and this was not forthcoming on either occasion. Even if it had been, the mere appearance of French fleets and armies on British coasts and battlefields would have provoked a national reaction which would have been fatal to the Stuart cause. By the middle of the century, Jacobitism, namely support for the exiled Roman Catholic Stuart pretenders (or claimants to the throne), was moribund.
In 1762, James Stuart and Nicholas Revett published the first volume of The Antiquities of Athens, which introduced Periclean architecture to the English world. Even before this, Stuart had designed a garden temple (1758) at Hagley, a replica of a 5th century B. c. Greek temple that was accurate in almost every detail. His design for Lichfield House (1763), London, applied Greek columns to its front. Here, however, the columns, raised above a ground floor, were used as Georgian architects had used Roman columns. Lichfield House does not suggest any Greek building. |
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