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History Of Medicine Published: RAI SANYO, ra-e san-yo, Japanese his-rian: b. 1780; d. 1833. He spent 20 years in eparing his Nihon Gaishi (History of Japan utside the Court}, which was written in Chi-se and published in 22 volumes in 1827. It
a compilation gathered from a vast number
Chinese and Japanese works of history and vers the history of the Shogunate from its igin in the 12th century down to the setting
of the Tokugawa dynasty in the early 17th century. A second work, Nihon Seihi, in 16 volumes, also written in Chinese, was published in 1837, after Rai Sanyo's death.
This lady, wife of the Spanish viceroy, was ill with malaria in Lima in 1630 and was completely cured with doses of quina. The name "Countess powder" was given to the powdered bark, and the lady is said to have introduced it into Europe. In 1742, Carolus Linnaeus (q.v.) established the genus Cinchona, probably because of this early fable.
A. W. Hoggis, writing in the Bulletin of the History of Medicine published in November 1941 by the Johns Hopkins Press, conclusively proves that this story is highly inaccurate.
The Quinine Formulary, published in 1940, lists multiple uses for the drug. In addition to its use in the treatment of malaria, it is used in cardiac diseases, in obstetrics, surgery, ophthalmology, and in the treatment of influenza and the common cold.
No reference will be made here to present day quinine therapy in malaria. The Army and Navy Medical Corps are making medical history in this respect, and the picture is constantly changing. Several studies on the status of quinine and related drugs in malaria therapy were published in the January 1945 issue of War Medicine under the title "Clinical Malaria in Wartime" by Dieuaide, and in the November 1944 issue of the United States Naval Medical Bulletin under the title "Relapsing Malaria" by Metcalf and Ungar. |
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