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Half Brother Thutmose: HATSHEPSUT, hat-shep'soot, ruler of Egypt from 1489 to 1469 B. c., was one of the first great women recorded in history. She reigned with her husband and half brother Thutmose II from 1496 until his death in 1490, when her stepson and nephew Thutmose III should have succeeded to the throne. However, Hatshepsut, acting as regent, proclaimed herself ruler with the full power and titles of pharaoh in 1489. From then on she was pictured with the attributes of a male ruler. After her death in 1469, Thutmose III reasserted his right to the throne.
Cutting and engraving are relatively modern inventions, although a goblet with the cartouche of Pharaoh Thutmose III cut in its surface dates back about 3,600 years. Today's cutting is always done by copper and emery wheels of diameters ranging from one half inch to four inches. The design is marked on the glass in a special ink to guide the operator.
Gilding is believed to have begun sometime during the 1st century B.C. In the 2d century A.D., a different kind of gold Decoration came into use —that of lamination. By this method gold leaf is laid on the glass, the design is marked on the gold, the excess leaf is cut away, and a layer of glass is placed over the gold; then the glass is reheated until the layers are fused. Very little, if any, of that type of decorating is done today.
RHADAMANTHUS, rad-a-man'thus, according to Greek legend, a son of Zeus and Europa, and brother of Minos, king of Crete. According to another tradition, Rhadamanthus laid the foundation of the Cretan code of laws, which his brother Minos completed. From fear of his brother he is said to have fled to Ocaleia in Boeotia, where he married Alcmene. In the belief of the Greeks, a spirit in the lower world continued the business of life; hence Rhadamanthus, after his death, was made a judge in the kingdom of Pluto, or the Islands oi Blessed, on account of the-justice of his life had for his associates Aeacus and Minos, name suggests an Egyptian origin of the myt. |
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