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Growth Rate: Perhaps more significant than the actual size of the population is the rate of growth and the ratio of people to arable land. The rate of growth is estimated at about 2.2% per annum. Although this rate is not among the world's lighest, if such a relatively moderate rate is ipplied to the large base population, the annual jrowth exceeds 15 million people. Also, when Jie total land area of China is considered, the lumber of people per square mile is about 160 (414 per sq km), a rather low density.
The growth of the British economy—measured conventionally as the compound annual rate of growth of the gross national product per head-has averaged since 1950 about 2.5%, or about one half the rates of other industrialized economies. Productivity in manufacturing has grown at a slightly higher rate than in the service sector, and in some sectors of manufacturing (chemicals and motors, for example) much faster than in others (textile and food industries).
The growth rate of support gave ample evidence: in the nine years from 1953 to 1962 total R & D investment in the U.S. tripled from $5.2 billion to $15.6 billion; during the same period federal support of basic re-arch more than quadrupled from $233 million )$1.1 billion. And then, for a variety of reasons, ; climb faltered. The growth rate of total R & D inds, which had peaked at 17.6% per year 11953 to 1956, fell to 6.7% from 1964 to 1965 I to an estimated 5.4% from 1967 to 1968. |
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